you must know what are plasmids

you must know what are plasmids
plasmids are circular DNa molecules present in addition to the normal
chromosomal DNa.plasmids are extra chromosomal genetic elements.they
are used as vectors about which we ll discuss later when i post about
genetic engineering.plasmids do not alter the normal life and
function.but are significant in
1.medicine resistance
2.toxigenicity

plasmids are called episomes when they integrate with chromosomal DNa.plasmids are seen in eukaryotypes.they are capable of self
replication.hence they are called as autonomous replicons.they are
classified based on
1.whether they are self transmissible or non transmissible
2.the type of conjugation tube they induce
3.incompatibility groups where closely related plasmids dont co exist
SO THE TOXIC NATURE OF PATHOGENS AND MEDICINE RESISTANCE ARE DUE TO PLASMIDS